Pakasungwa Luigi Mangione mukuurayiwa kwemukuru weUnitedHealthcare, akarumbidzwa mune mamwe makona einternet segamba revanhu rinopikisa capitalist.
Mugwaro rinonzi “manifesto” rakawanikwa naMangione, rakaburitswa pamhepo nemutori wenhau Ken Klippenstein, ane makore makumi maviri nematanhatu aimbove mainjiniya edata akashora UnitedHealthcare nekushandisa “nyika yedu purofiti huru.”
“Kutaura chokwadi, zvipembenene izvi zvakangouya,” Mangione akanyora kudaro. “Chiyeuchidzo: US ine #1 inodhura zvakanyanya hutano hwehutano pasirese, asi isu tinomira ingangoita #42 mukurarama kwehupenyu.”
Asi Mangione anga asiri munhu akatwasuka, akatsamira kuruboshwe Robin Hood achitsiva zvaanoona sehutsinye hwehurongwa hwehutano hweUS kana, sevanotsoropodza verudyi, “rimwe basa rekuruboshwe.” Mafungiro ezvematongerwo enyika aakataura pamhepo – pasocial media mapuratifomu kubva kuX uye Reddit kuenda kuGoodreads – akazvidza mabhinairi ekuruboshwe-kurudyi uye airatidza jaya rakanyura muhodgepodge ye online Silicon Valley philosophy uye heterodox mazano.
Zvakatumirwa naMangione padandemutande, pamwe chete nemaakaundi evanhu vaaiziva uye vaaitaura navo padandemutande, zvinopa maonero akaoma kunzwisisa. Mangione apedzisira kutumira pa X aive muna Chikumi, ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu asati aenda kuManhattan kunouraya, uye akaita seasina kubatana kubva kumhuri yake neshamwari panguva imwe chete. Asi tsoka yake yedhijitari inopa tarisiro yerwendo rwake rwepfungwa, achinyora mamwe etariro yake yakadzama uye kunetseka nezveramangwana rehunyanzvi uye hwevanhu.
Mangione, anoratidzwa mumufananidzo wakapihwa neHawaii Dhipatimendi reLand and Natural Resources, aigara munharaunda yeSurfbreak yekushanda pamwe chete pedyo neHonolulu muna 2022. (Dhipatimendi reHawaii reNyika uye Zviwanikwa / AP)
Aimbove valedictorian wechikoro chepamusoro cheBaltimore prep uye akapedza kudzidza kuIvy League akagovera zvinyorwa pasocial media kubva kune eclectic rukova rwevazhinji, mabhizinesi, neuroscientists, centrists uye vanovhiringidza. Pa X, akatevera mutambi uye podcaster Joe Rogan; Vakasarudzwa nemutungamiri wenyika VaDonald Trump semunyori wezvehutano, Robert F. Kennedy Mwana; munyori akasununguka wepepanhau Ezra Klein; uye democratic socialist Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez weNew York.
Pane yazvino-yakavanzika account yeGoodreads iyo zviremera zvinonzi zvakaratidza kuti ndezvaMangione, akabatanidza biography ye tech billionaire uye GOP megadonor Elon Musk – iye zvino ari pedyo naTrump chipangamazano – mune yake yaanofarira uye akatara memoir yeRepublican akasarudzwa JD Vance ” Hillbilly Elegy” nyeredzi nhatu kubva pashanu.
Sainzi yekombuta yakakura ine chishuwo chekunzwisisa, kuzvinatsiridza uye kuzvipira kunoshanda – sangano rehuzivi rinoshandisa humbowo uye chikonzero kubatsira vamwe – Mangione aifarira nezvehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji. Asi zvakare ainetsekana nezve mashandisiro anoita makambani nevanhuwo zvavo tekinoroji, vachigovana rukova rwezvinyorwa pane smartphones maitiro pahutano hwepfungwa, kuderera kweNetflix neDoordash, uye kutyisidzira kweAI chatbot kutsiva.
Mangione airatidza kusahadzika nezvezvimwe dzidziso dzekuruboshwe “zvekuzivikanwa zvematongerwo enyika.”
Makore maviri apfuura, akagovera chinyorwa kubva kumunyori weBritish Indian Gurwinder Bhogal achipokana nepfungwa yekuti kubvunza “Unobva kupi?” haina hunhu: “Kana wokeism ichidzidzisa vashoma kukuvadzwa kunyangwe nezviito zveushamwari, haigone kutaura kuti inoparadzanisa kupatsanura.” Muna April, Mangione akanyorazve mumwe munyori weblogger uyo akanyunyuta kuti vasingatendi kuvapo kwaMwari vemazuva ano “vanopokana[d] Mwari” kuzongopedzisira “anamata panzvimbo yeDEI” uye “kushandisa zvisazitasingwi zvakaita semazwi echitendero.”
Vamwe kuruboshwe vave kudaidza Mangione-bapiro rekurudyi, asi havaite sevanobvumirana kuti ari “wepakati-kurudyi biohacking Thiel-anoda tech bro” kana “mumwe ari kure kurudyi MAGA Trumper Gandanga.”
Bhogal, uyo akataura uye kutumira email naMangione pamhepo mushure mekunge muAmerica ave nhengo yekutanga yeSubstack yake, akati Mangione haasi mumwe.
“Akanga ari kuruboshwe-pane zvimwe zvinhu uye-kurudyi pane zvimwe,” Bhogal akanyora mune email. “Aive pro-kuenzana kwemukana, asi … aipikisa wokeism nekuti aisatenda kuti yaive nzira inoshanda yekubatsira vashoma.”
Bhogal akati Mangione akatanga kutaura naye muna Kubvumbi ari parwendo kuAsia. Mangione akamubvunza nezve chinyorwa cha2023 Bhogal akanyora achiongorora kusimuka kweNPC, kana Non-Player Character, izwi rinoreva mavara emitambo yemavhidhiyo ayo mamwe madiki epamhepo anoshandisa kutsanangura vanhu vanozvibata nenzira inofanotaurwa, yakanyorwa.
Chinyorwa chacho chakapindirana naMangione, Bhogal akadaro, zvichida nemhaka yokuti aifunga kuti akanga asingakodzeri mudzinza rezvamatongerwe enyika. Bhogal akatsanangura Mangione semunhu anoda kuziva uye anoverenga zvakanaka, ane “zvizhinji zvakapfava” zvishuwo zvenjere mu “kuora kweuropi, kudzidziswa, kuderera kwehuwandu hwekuzvarwa, kutamba uye kukara kwekambani.
Pa X, Mangione akarumbidza mutsinhiri Tucker Carlson se “spot on” mukuziva kuti “zvivakwa zvemazuvano zvinouraya mweya” uye akagovera vhidhiyo yehurukuro yakaitwa neveventure capitalist uye GOP megadonor Peter Thiel pamusoro pekuti sei vanhu vane Asperger’s syndrome vachikunda muhunyanzvi.
PaGoodreads, akapa “Industrial Society uye Ramangwana Rayo” nemushakabvu Theodore Kaczynski, anozivikanwawo seUnabomber, wongororo yenyeredzi ina. Kaczynski “akaiswa mujeri zvakakodzera,” akanyora kudaro, asi akatiwo: “Hazvitombobviri kufuratira kuti dzakawanda dzezvaakafanotaura nezvenzanga yemazuva ano dzakabuda sei.
Pakupera kweongororo yake, Mangione akataura nemushandisi weReddit, Bosspotatoness: “Makambani aya haana basa newe, kana vana vako, kana vazukuru vako. Vane zero fungidziro pamusoro pokupisa pasi nokuda kwebhandi, naizvozvo nei tichifanira kuva nekariro ipi neipi pamusoro pokuvapisa kuti vararame?”
Sekutaura kwaBhogal, Mangione airatidza kusagutsikana nezvematongerwo enyika, asi airatidza kusafarira Trump.
“Aitenda kuti makaro emakambani ekuwana purofiti kwenguva pfupi aiita kuti makambani ehunyanzvi azadze nzanga nevaraidzo inoodza pfungwa,” Bhogal akanyora. “Akandibvunza kuti ndingawedzera sei mubatanidzwa munyika inogara ichiedza kutinyima.”
Avo vakaziva Mangione muna 2022 paaigara munharaunda yeSurfbreak padyo neHonolulu vakamurondedzera semunhuwo zvake, akasununguka.
“Aisaratidza kuomarara chero munzira,” akadaro Josiah Ryan, mutauriri wemuridzi weSurfbreak uye muvambi RJ Martin. “Hapana anonyatsoziva maonero ake ezvematongerwo enyika. Aiita kunge ari pakati nepakati, mudiki uye achida kuziva, asina pfungwa inooneka. “
Kunyangwe Mangione akabuda seanopokana necapitalist uye anti-corporate mumanifesto yake, Brian Levin, muvambi weCentre for the Study of Hate and Extremism uye purofesa akabuda mukusarongeka kwemhosva kuCalifornia State San Bernardino, akati izvi hazvina hazvo kumuita. yakaoma-kuruboshwe. Kuwedzera, Levin akacherekedza, anti-corporate uye anti-institutional subcultures anoshanda mukati meiyo ideological spectrum.
“Tiri kuona kusiyanisa kwemhando idzi dzekunyanyisa, pamwe nekuvakwa kwedzidziso dzeidiosyncratic dzimwe nguva dzakabatanidzwa mune imwe pfungwa,” Levin akadaro, achiona kuti makore maviri apfuura, mupfuri mukuru akauraya vanhu vasere panguva. mall muAllen, Texas, aive Latino ane tattoo yeNazi. “Ngationei panowira mumhan’ari.”
Mary Beth Altier, purofesa wekiriniki paNew York University’s Center for Global Affairs anodzidza nezvemhirizhonga nemaitiro ezvematongerwo enyika, akati zvave kuita kuti mhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika inyanye kukonzerwa nenyaya imwe chete, munyaya iyi indasitiri yezvehutano.
“Hazvina hazvo kukodzera muboka rakakura kana pfungwa,” akadaro, “asi kuti vane chichemo chavo neimwe nyaya.”
Mangione anoendeswa kuBlair County Courthouse muHollidaysburg, Pa., NeChipiri. (Benjamin B. Braun /Pittsburgh Post-Gazette / AP)
Pamhepo, dzimwe nyanzvi uye nyanzvi dzekunyanyisa dzakaratidza kuti Mangione akataura maonero ane hukama ne “grey dzinza”, izwi rakagadzirwa makore gumi apfuura neBay Area psychiatrist uye blogger Scott Alexander, kureva kuunganidzwa kwepamhepo kwevanonzwisisa, vanofarira tekinoroji yepamhepo, vasingadaviri kuvapo kwaMwari. uye vakasununguka vanofunga vanowira kunze kwakajairika kuruboshwe- kana kurudyi-bapiro kufunga kwedzinza.
“Zviri kuramba zvichiratidzika kunge tawana mupfuri wedu wekutanga werudzi,” mutori wenhau uye nyanzvi yezvemhirizhonga Robert Evans akanyora paX zuva rakapomerwa Mangione. “Mukomana howdy vezvenhau havasati vagadzirira izvozvo.”
Sokutsanangura kwaAlexander, dzinza regrey rinotsigira “zvitendero zvezvematongerwo enyika, Dawkins-style kusatenda Mwari, kushatirwa kusinganzwisisike kuti mubvunzo wekodzero dzengochani unotouya, kudya paleo, kunwa Soylent, kusheedzera kuUber, kuverenga akawanda mablogiki, kudaidza American. nhabvu ‘sportsball,’ iri kugumbuka zvakanyanya nezve Hondo Yezvinodhaka uye NSA… “
Sezvisinganzwisisike semaonero aMangione angaite seanoita kune vanhu vekuAmerica vasingagare munzvimbo dzakafanana dzepamhepo, Evans akanyora pane yake Substack kuti “kufarira kwake Grey Tribe-padyo nevanofunga uye mabhuku ekuzvibatsira akanyorwa nevanobira zvigadzirwa … kwakajairika pakati majaya.”
Vamwe vacherechedzi veinternet subcultures vakati Mangione aive “nyowani tech centrist” kana “TPOT padyo,” acronym yeIchi Chikamu che Twitter, imwe yakasununguka nhungirwa yeSilicon Valley “post-rationalism” yakagadzira online panguva yeCOVID-19 kuvharika uye inotarisa. pamazano, tekinoroji, zvemweya uye mazano ekurangana.
Vamwe vakaseka nezve kuoma kwekutaura kurudziro kuna Mangione munguva yekuwedzera mune-iyo-masora online subcultures.
“Ndakaedza kutsanangura kuti mupfuri anga asiri wekuruboshwe asi aive mbambo yekurudyi ari padyo ne TED k achiverenga lindyman anotevera, rfk pilled upenn grad,” imwe poster yakanyora pana X. “Takadzingwa muboka remhuri.”
Kazhinji, Levin akati, avo vanoita zviito zvepachena zvechisimba chekufananidzira vanokurudzirwa nechimwe, kana mubatanidzwa we, zvinhu zvitatu: pfungwa, iyo inogona kuva yechitendero kana yezvematongerwe enyika; chimiro chepfungwa kana kusagadzikana kwepfungwa; pfungwa yekubatsira kana kutsiva.
“Chinonyanya kukosha apa ndechekuti munhu akasangana nechichemo, uye chichemo ichocho chakamuka,” Levin akadaro pamusoro paMangione. “Kusanganiswa kwezvichemo, idiosyncrasies, kushushikana mupfungwa, kubuda mumasangano anotsigira uye kukudzwa kwemhirizhonga inowanzoitika nzanga yedu ichava netapuro yakakosha pavanhu vamwe navamwe vanonzwa chichemo chisina kururama kana kuti vanonzwa kuti gadziriro yacho haishande.”
Mangione apedzisira kutumira pa X anoratidzika kunge ari Chikumi 10. Pakazosvika Mbudzi, amai vake vakanyorera mwanakomana wavo nhoroondo yekushaikwa kuSan Francisco.
Semunhu aifarira kugwinya, akange asangana nedambudziko rehutano. Mucherechedzo wepamusoro wemufananidzo wake weX, padivi pemufananidzo wake akamira asina hembe uye achinyemwerera ari pamusoro pegomo, waive mufananidzo weX-ray uchiratidza masiruuru mana muzongoza, chiratidzo chekuti akange avhiya lumbar spinal fusion.
Zvinyorwa kubva kubva-zvakadzimwa Reddit account, ine ruzivo rwunoenderana nehupenyu hwaMangione, yakaratidza kuti Mangione airwara nekurwadziwa kwemusana kunokonzerwa nespondylolisthesis – mamiriro ekuti vertebra yemuzongoza, kazhinji muzasi kumashure, inotsvedza kubva panzvimbo. Mangione akanyora kuti mamiriro ake ezvinhu akawedzerwa netsaona yekusevha.
“Musana wangu nemuhudyu zvakavharika mushure metsaona,” akanyora muna Chikunguru 2023. “Ndiri kutya zvinorehwa nezvayo.”
Mangione ari mufananidzo ari muchitokisi mushure mekusungwa neMuvhuro muAltoona, Pa. (Altoona Police department / Getty Mifananidzo)
Mangione akanyora kuti akazovhiyiwa musana mavhiki akati gare gare, izvo zvakaratidza kuti zvakavandudza zviratidzo zvake.
Bhogal paakataura naMangione kuburikidza nevhidhiyo kwemaawa maviri muna Chivabvu, haana kuwana fungidziro yekuti airwadziwa kana kunwa mapiritsi. Bhogal akanyora kuti, “Airatidza kugadzikana, akasununguka, uye achifara.
Asi Bhogal akati Mangione anogona kunge akanzwa ari ega. Akanyunyuta kuti vanhu vakamupoteredza vakanga vari pa “kusiyana kwewavelength” uye vairatidza kuti vanoda kujoina nharaunda yevanhu vane pfungwa dzakafanana. Akakurudzira Bhogal kuronga mafoni evhidhiyo eboka kuti akurukure zvine musoro, Stoicism uye kuzvipira kunoshanda.
Izvozvo hazvina kumboitika.
Nguva yekupedzisira Bhogal akanzwa kubva kuna Mangione aive Chikumi 10, paakagamuchira meseji umo Mangione akamubvunza maitiro ekugadzirisa mafidhi ake pasocial media. Bhogal akakanganwa kudzokera kwaari.
Chimwe chikamu chake chinoshamisika, zvino, kana aikwanisa kunzvenga mhedzisiro yacho dai akange apindura.
Nyoresa Essential California kuti uwane nhau, maficha uye kurudziro kubva kuLA Times uye nekumwe mubhokisi rekutumira mazuva matanhatu pasvondo.
Nyaya iyi yakatanga kubuda muLos Angeles Times.